Chắc hẳn câu nói này đã quá quen thuộc trong mùa Halloween rồi phải không nè, hôm nay tự nhiên soạn bài ni cô lại thấy nó giống y chang phong tục của lễ hội này vậy. Nếu trong lễ Halloween người lớn không cho kẹo tụi nhỏ thì tụi nhỏ sẽ quậy phá chọc ghẹo người lớn thì 131 cặp cụm từ thường nhầm lẫn mà cô chia sẻ với mấy em trong bài post này cũng có tác dụng tương tự. Em nào làm writing task 2 chắc cũng hay đau đầu về việc dùng từ sao cho đúng, không phải cứ vocab “khủng” là ghi điểm cao được, đặt không đúng ngữ cảnh lại có khi bị hạ band điểm nữa kìa. Thế nên, nay cô gửi đến các em 131 cặp cụm từ thường rất gây confused này để các em phân biệt thật rõ ràng, dùng đúng có thể giúp các em nâng điểm nhưng k biết phân biệt kỹ càng rất có nguy cơ dùng sai và mất điểm oan uổng.
1.SPECIAL (adj.): đặc biệt, dành riêng-SPECIFIC (adj.): riêng biệt, đặc trưng.
Examples:
He meets me on special occasions.
He was recognized by his specific accent
2.HOSPITAL (n.) bệnh viện-HOSPITABLE (adj.): mến khách
Examples:
He works as a doctor in a hospital.
Local residents are always hospitable TO / TOWARDS foreigners
3.LIKE (prep.) ; giống như (so sánh)-AS (prep.): với tư cách là
Examples:
She is wearing a hat like mine.
He works as an interpreter
4.COMPREHENSIVE (adj): bao quát, toàn diện-COMPREHENSIBLE (adj.): có thể hiểu được.
Examples:
She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject
A book that is comprehensible TO specialists.
5.RESPECTFUL (adj): lễ phép, kính cẩn-RESPECTIVE (adj): riêng từng, lần lượt-RESPECTABLE (adj): đáng kính trọng, đứng đắn
Examples:
They are a respectable couple.
They each excel in their respective fields.
He is always respectful TO/TOWARDS his parents.
6.SOCIABLE (adj.): thích giao du, chan hòa-SOCIAL (adj.): (thuộc) xã hội.
Examples:
We are solving several social problems.
He is a sociable man.
7.ALL TOGETHER: tất cả, cả thảy-ALTOGETHER (adv.): toàn bộ, hoàn toàn
Examples:
Our pets, all together, resemble a very zany zoo.
My mom is not altogether in agreement that we should now get an ostrich.
8.MAYBE (adv.): có thể, có lẽ MAY BE: có thể là Examples:
Maybe we have too many pets, but is that even possible?
It may be that once the kids go to college, our parents will want even more pets.
9.EVERYONE (pro.): mọi người-EVERY ONE: mỗi một
Examples:
Everyone in the family shares in the care of the pets.
Every one of us has a favorite pet
10.VOW (v.): thề, tuyên thệ AVOW (v.): thừa nhận công khai, thú nhận
Examples:
Will you vow to stop smoking if I stop eating chocolate?
He avowed himself (to be) a liar
11.RAISE (v.); tăng lên, nâng mức-RAZE (v.): phá hủy, phá sập
Examples:
Tomorrow the city is going to raze the building that I grew up in.
Huang decided to raise the stakes by increasing the reward.
12.TEAM (v.); cùng làm việc, hợp sức với-TEEM (v.): có rất nhiều, đầy
rẫy (thường dùng ở thời tiếp diễn)
Examples:
The two companies have teamed up to develop a new racing car.
The pond was teeming WITH tadpoles after the frog eggs hatched.
13.APPRAISE (v.) đánh giá, thẩm định chất lượng-APPRISE (v.): báo cho viết, thông tin cho biết
Examples:
I am having the jewelry I inherited from my grandmother appraised to find how much it is worth.
As soon as I get off the phone, I will apprise you OF the situation.
14.DECENT (adj.): rất tốt, tươm tất, đứng đắn-DESCENT (n.): sự đi
xuống, bờ dốc; DISSENT (v.): bất đồng ý kiến, quan điểm
Examples:
Here there is a gradual descent to the sea.
This look like a decent restaurant; let’s eat here.
Although you all seem to agree, I must dissent; I think this is a bad decision.
15.IN FUTURE : từ lần sau, từ nay trở đi-IN THE FUTURE: trong tương lai
Examples:
Please be punctual in the future.
Who knows what will happen in the future?
16.SENSITIVE (adj.): nhạy, nhạy cảm-SENSIBLE (adj.): hiểu biết, nhận thức về
Examples:
Her experiences had made her sensitive TO other people’s troubles.
Are you sensible OF the dangers of your action?
17.ENVIABLE (adj.): đáng ghen tị, đáng thèm muốn-ENVIOUS (adj.): ghen tị, đố kỵ.
Examples:
He has received an enviable examination result.
I am so envious OF you getting an extra day’s holiday.
18. IMAGINATIVE (adj.) : giàu trí tưởng tượng-IMAGINARY (adj.) : tưởng tượng, không có thật
Examples:
He often has imaginary fears.
She is an imaginative writer.
19. STATIONARY (adj.): đứng im, tĩnh tại-STATIONERY (n): đồ dùng văn phòng
Examples:
His car collided with a stationary lorry.
He bought a stationery cupboard.
20.LATE (adj.): muộn, chậm-LATELY (adv.): dạo này, gần đây
Examples:
My flight was an hour late.
Have you seen her lately?
21.MOST OF : hầu hết trong số (trong một tập hợp cụ thể)-MOST (pro.): hầu hết (nói chung)
Examples:
Most of the students in this class are freshmen.
Most people love music.
22.RESPONSIBLE (adj.): chịu trách nhiệm-RESPONSIVE (adj.): đáp lại, đáp trả
Examples:
All pilots are responsible FOR their passengers’ safety.
Whenever I wave my hand to him, he always gives a responsive gesture.
23.ENSURE (v.): Đảm bảo, làm cho chắc chắn-INSURE (v.): bảo hiểm
chống lại thiệt hại do các rủi ro có thể xảy ra.
Examples:
He insured his house against fires.
Please ensure that all the lights are switched off at night.
24.TEMPORARY (adj.): tạm thời, nhất thời-COMTEMPORARY (adj.): cùng thời, đương thời
Examples:
He has a temporary job in a restaurant.
Dickens was contemporary WITH Thackeray.
25.CONSIDERATE (adj.): chu đáo, ân cần-CONSIDERABLE (adj.): đáng kể, to tát
Examples:
He is very considerate TOWARDS his employees.
He spent a considerable sum on clothes.
26.PERSONAL (adj.): cá nhân, riêng tư -PERSONABLE (adj.): duyên dáng, ưa nhìn
Examples:
She made a personal donation to the fund.
The saleman was a personable young man.
27.SPECTACLE (n.): quang cảnh, cảnh tượng -SPECTACLES (n.pl): kính đeo mắt.
Examples:
The sunrise seen from high in the mountains was fine spectacle.
Reading a book, she has to wear her spectacles.
28.BETWEEN (prep.): giữa (hai) – AMONG (prep.): giữa (hơn hai)-IN THE MIDDLEE OF : ở điểm giữa (vị trí, thời gian), đang dở dang (hành động)
Examples:
She is sitting between her mother and her sister.
She is standing among her friends.
The table is in the middle of the room.
29.EACH OTHER (phr.): lần nhau (tương tác hai) – ONE ANOTHER (phr.): lẫn nhau ( tương tác hơn hai) – TOGETHER (adv.): cùng nhau (hợp tác)
Examples:
My two brothers help each other in their study.
I could see three men fighting one another fiercely.
They are going for a walk together.
30.ADOPT (v.): chấp nhận, nhận làm con nuôi ADAPT (v.): điều chỉnh, trở nên quen với
Examples:
My family decided to adopt a puppy to be a companion to our old dog.
The puppy adapted TO our family very easily; she loved all other animals.
31.COMPLEMENT (v.): bổ sung và o-COMPLIMENT (v.): khen ngợi
Examples:
The new puppy complemented our collection of both old and young pets.
The veterinarian complimented us ON our amazing menagerie of pets.
32.CONTINUOUS (adj.): liên tục, không ngừng -CONTINUAL (adj.): ngắt quãng
Examples:
The pets provide continuous joy to all of us; they are so sweet and loving.
Trips to the vet are a continual problem; one of the animals always needs care..
33.EXPENSIVE (adj.): đắt tiền, tốn tiền-VALUABLE (adj.): đáng giá, có giá trị
Examples:
We do not often go to that restaurant. It is very expensive.
I found this old painting at a charity shop. It was not expensive but I think it could be really valuable.
34.COME/BRING: đến/mang đến (movement towards the speaker)- GO/TAKE: đi/mang đi (movement away from the speaker)
Examples:
Can I come and ride your horse this evening? / I am going for a ride. I will see you later.
They are bringing their children with them so we will meet them for the first time. / His wife went to Australia, taking the children with her.
35.DISEASED (adj.): bị bệnh-DECEASED (adj.): đã chết, qua đời
Examples:
Both her parents are deceased.
We came to see him because he was diseased.
36.LOCATE (v.): tìm thấy-LOCALIZE (v.): khoanh vùng
Examples:
I am trying to locate Shoreline Drive on the map, but I cannot find it
They are trying to localize an outbreak of disease.
37.LUXURIOUS (adj.): xa hoa, sang trọng-LUXURIANT (adj.): um tùm, sum suê
Examples:
Their house was filled with luxurious furnishings.
I can see the luxuriant tropical vegetation in his garden.
38.EMINENT (adj.): nổi tiếng, nổi bậ-IMMINENT (adj.): sắp xảy ra, sắp tới
Examples:
All the students were nervous about the imminent exams.
He is eminent both as a sculptor and as a portrait painter.
39.INGENIOUS (adj.): khéo léo, tài tình-INGENUOUS (adj.): chân thật, ngây thơ
Examples:
Mark has come up with an ingenious plan to make a million dollar.
He has an ingenuous smile.
40.CAPTURE (v.): bắt giam-CAPTIVATE (v.): làm say đắm, quyến rũ
Examples:
He is captivated by her beauty.
The pirates managed to stop the ship and they captured the captain and the crew.
41.REIGN (n.): triều đại-REIN (n.): dây cương ngựa
Examples:
She led the horse by the rein.
The poet lived in the reign of King Alfred.
42.COMMENT (v.): bình luận-COMMEND (v.): khen ngợi
Examples:
Do you want to comment ON the political situation?
I commended the chef ON the excellent meal.
43.COMPULSIVE (adj.): hấp dẫn, không thể cưỡng lại-COMPULSORY (adj.): bắt buộc
Examples:
A vision test is compulsory when you are applying for a driver’s license.
I am reading a compulsive novel.
44.PLUMP (adj.): hơi béo, mập-PLUMBER (n.) thợ lắp đặt nước
Example:
Although Sharon is a bit plump she still seems fit and healthy. She is a plumber.
45.CAPITULATE (v.): đầu hàng RECAPITULATE (v.): tóm tắt lại, đi
thẳng vào vấn đề chính
Examples:
Can you please recapitulate that for me; I am sure I understand.
The hijackers finally capitulated TO the police..
46.FLAVOUR (n./v.): hương vị / thêm gia vị vào SAVOUR (v.): thưởng thức hương vị
Examples:
You could not possibly savour your food when you eat so fast.
You should flavour a stew with onions.
47.INHIBIT (v.): ngăn ngừa, cản trở, ức chế PROHIBIT (v.): cấm (theo luật, nội quy)
Examples:
-Shyness inhibited him FROM speaking.
His doctor prohibited him from drinking alcohol.
48.IMPLICIT (adj.): ngấm ngầm, hàm ẩn EXPLICIT (adj.): rõ ràng, chính xác
Examples:
She did not give you explicit instructions, so she should not be angry with you.
Do you understand the obligations which are implicit in the contract?
49.SUPERFICIAL (adj.): nông cạn, hời hợt-SUPERFLUOUS (adj.): thừa quá mức cần thiết
Examples:
It is superficial to judge people by clothes they wear.
Repack all the superfluous cups in the box.
50.PATHETIC (adj.): cảm động, thống thiết APATHETIC (adj.): thờ ơ, hờ hững
Examples:
Gregory has been apathetic since he lost his job; he dóe not seem to want to do anything.
They witnessed the pathetic sight of starving children.
51.APPREHEND (v.): bắt giữ COMPREHEND (v.) hiểu rõ Examples:
I cannot comprehend what caused her to act that way.
The thief was apprehended by the police in the act of stealing a car.
52.STATUTE (n.): văn bản luật, quy chế-STATURE (n.): vóc dáng người
Examples:
Although Jane is small in stature she has a commanding personality.
Everything should be decreed by statute.
53.INDUCE (v.): thuyết phục, gây ảnh hưởng-DEDUCE (v.): suy ra, suy luận
Examples:
Nothing could induce him to move to the city.
Detectives deduced FROM the clues who had committed the crime.
54.CUTE (adj.): xinh xắn-ACUTE (adj.): cấp tính, buốt, sắc bén, tinh tường
Examples:
Although their vision is poor, bats have an acute sense of hearing.
Isn’t she a cute baby?
55.FIERCE (adj.): mãnh liệt, hung tợn, khốc liệt-PIERCE (v.): chọc thủng.
Examples:
The battle for the castle was fierce.
The arrow pierced his shoulder.
56.CONGENITAL (adj.): bẩm sinh-CONGENIAL (adj.): ăn ý, hợp nhau
Examples:
Jack and Mary had a congenial conversation about their holiday plans.
He has congenital blindness.
57.CONTAGIOUS (adj.): truyền nhiễm-CONTIGUOUS (adj.): kề nhau, tiếp giáp
Examples:
Washing your hands frequently is the best way to avoid catching contagious illnesses.
The garden is contiguous TO/WITH the field.
58.SNAG (n.): khó khăn, trở ngại bất ngờ -SNUG (adj.): ấm cúng
Examples:
The elderly couple lived in a small, snug cottage outside the village.
We hit several snags while still at the planning stage.
59.OBSCENE (adj.): tục tĩu, đồi trụy-OBSCURE (adj): không biết rõ, vô danh
Examples:
The museum houses famous paintings by Picasso and Monet as well as works by more obscure artists.
He got several obscene messages from a stranger.
60.WARY (adj.): thận trọng, cảnh giác-WEARY (adj.): mệt lử, rã rời
Examples:
He’s been wary OF dogs since he was bitten.
They felt weary after all their hard work.
61.STINGING (adj.): châm chọc-STRINGENT (adj.): nghiêm ngặt, chặt chẽ
Examples:
The job advertisement listed many stringent requirements.
I cannot stand his stinging remarks.
62.RENOVATE (v.): sữa chữa, phục hồi lại-INNOVATE (v.): đổi mới
Examples:
It is a great deal of work to renovate a house.
They are prepared to innovate in order to make progress.
63.STATUS (n.): địa vị xã hội, vị trí nghề nghiệp-STATUE (n.): bức tượng
Examples:
Some people feel that a new car can increase their status.
The statue of a famous writer has been erected.
64.UTILITY (n.): sự có ích-UTILISATION (n.): sự sử dụng, sự tận dụng
Examples:
The efficient utilisation of time is an important skill to learn.
He has an utility bicycle.
65.VIRTUAL (adj.): thực sự, thực tế-VIRTUOUS (adj.): có đạo đức
Examples:
She is the virtual head of the company.
She is a virtuous young woman.
66.PROPERTY (n.): tài sản, của cải-PROPRIETY (n.): sự đúng mực, lễ nghi, phép tắc
Examples:
Do not touch these tools! They are not your properties.
Mary behaves with perfect propriety.
67.PERENNIAL (adj.): lưu niên, sống lâu năm-PERPETUAL (adj.): suốt đời
Examples:
He lives in perpetual fears of being discovered.
Daffodils are perennial plants.
68.RELISH (v.): thích thú, thưởng thức-CHERISH (v.): yêu dấu, ấp ủ
Examples:
He cherishes his rare collections of old coins.
The truth is that he relishes the challenge of competition.
69.REGRETFUL (adj.): hối tiếc-REGRETTABLE (adj.): đáng tiếc
Examples:
He was neither happy nor regretful about what happened.
His behaviour at the party was most regrettable.
70.INDIGENT (adj.): nghèo khổ-INDIGENOUS (adj.): bản xứ, bản địa
Examples:
The pigeon is not indigenous, it was brought here by people.
Her husband is very indigent
71.DILIGENT (adj.): cần cù, siêng năng-INDOLENT (adj:) lười biếng
Example:
He is a diligent student and always starts preparing well before an example while his brother is an indolent student and often fails his exams.
72.ADVERSITY (n.): tai họa, vận đen-ADVERSARY (n.): kẻ thù, đối thủ
Examples:
I hear they had a great time cycling across Africa, even though they had to overcome many adversities.
He defeated his old adversary.
73.AFFLICT (v.): làm đau đớn, làm khổ sở-INFLICT (v.): gây ra, bắt phải chịu đựng
Examples:
Anna will not be at work this week because she is afflicted WITH measles.
He inflicted a severe wound on his friend.
74.MASTERLY (adj.): rất giỏi, bậc thầy-MASTERFUL (adj.): hách dịch, oai vệ
Examples:
He often speaks in a masterful manner.
I admired their masterly handling of a difficult situation.
75.ACCOMPLICE (n.): kẻ tòng phạm-ACCOMPLISHED (adj.): điêu luyện, thành thục
Examples:
He is an accomplished pianist.
The police arrested him with two accomplices.
76.RUSH (v.): xông lên, đổ xô tới, vội đi-RASH (adj.): hấp tấp, vội vàng
Examples:
Do you think it is rash of Jodie to accept the job in China without even visiting first?
The children rushed out of school
77.SUBSIDE (v.): hạ thấp xuống, rút bớt-SUBSIDIZE (v.): bao cấp, giúp đỡ về tài chính
Examples:
It took a long time for his grief to subside after his grandmother died.
There are some subsidized industries in our country.
78.DOCUMENT (n.): tài liệu-DOCUMENTARY (n.): phim tài liệu
Examples:
They watched a documentary on the Amazon rainforest.
The spy stole all the secret government documents.
79.SOOTHE (v.): làm dịu, xoa dịu-SEETHE (v.) làm sôi sục, làm giận sôi máu
Examples:
Try this cream; it will soothe your sunburn.
She is seething AT his remarks.
80.CONSTRAIN (v.): bắt ép, ép buộc-RESTRAIN (v.): kìm giữ, kiềm chế
Examples:
That dog is a hazard and should be restrained.
Her parents constrained her to marry him.
81.SUCCESSIVE (adj.): liên tục, liên tiếp-SUCCESSFUL (adj.): thành công
Examples:
Our team has won five successive games.
My final attempt to fix it was successful.
82.RESERVE (n.): sự dự trữ, trữ lượng -REVERSE (n.): điều bất hạnh, vận rủi.
Examples:
The USA has great reserves of capital, energy, and stock.
He suffered many reverses throughout his life.
83.EXHAUSTING (adj.): gây kiệt sức, làm cạn kiệt-EXHAUSTIVE (adj.):thấu đáo, toàn diện
Examples:
The police have conducted exhaustive inquiries in their effort to track down the criminal.
It is an exhausting gam
84.ILLICIT (adj.): trái phép, bất hợp pháp-ELICIT (v.): khêu ra, gợi ra
Examples:
The police have conducted exhaustive inquiries in their effort to track down the criminal.
At last, we have elicited the truth FROM him.
85.ESTIMATE (v.): ước tính (số lượng), ước định-APPRECIATE (v.): đánh giá cao (không dùng với “highly”), hiểu được giá trị-EVALUATE (v.): đánh giá, xác định giá trị
Examples:
We estimated his income AT/ TO BE $ 28000 a year.
The number of votes cast in each region will be evaluated at the end of the day.
We all appreciate a peaceful holiday after a year of hard work.
86.ESTEEM (v.): quý trọng, coi trọng-APPRAISE (v.): đánh giá, thẩm định chất lượng
Examples:
I esteem his ideas highly.
It would be unwise to buy the house before having it appraised.
87.USED TO + V: đã từng (làm, là)-BE/GET USED/ACCUSTOMED TO + V-ING: quen với
Examples:
He used to work for my father in 1980s.
-After a long time, the child got used to living without his parents.
88.HOPEFULLY (adv.): đầy hy vọng -IN THE HOPE THAT … / TO BE
HOPEFUL THAT … : hy vọng rằng
Examples:
He is studying hopefully, and working as hard as he can.
He is working hard in the hope that the boss will award him a pay rise.
89.ROB (v.): cướp, lấy trộm-STEAL (v.): lấy cắp
Ghi chú:
Dùng “Rob” với từ chỉ nạn nhân (victim) hoặc nơi bị cướp (place) và dùng trong cấu trúc: rob something OF somebody/ rob something/ rob somewhere.
Examples:
Thieves robbed my uncles.
Colonel Blood stole the crown jewels from the Tower of London in 1665.
90.RAISE (v.): nâng lên (cái gì), tăng lên (số lượng, tỷ lệ phần trăm)-RISE (v.): tăng lên, mọc lên
Ghi chú: Sự khác cơ bản giữa hai động từ này là một động từ có tân ngữ (ngoại động từ): to raise + something và một động từ không có tân ngữ (nội động từ): something + rise.
Examples:
They will raise the fares next year.
Fares will rise next year.
91.BORROW (v.): mượn (sách, đồ vật), vay (tiền)-LEND (v.) : cho mượn (sách, đồ vật), cho vay (tiền).
Chú ý: Cấu trúc câu “borrow something from somebody” và “lend something to somebody”.
Examples:
“Dad, could we borrow your car?”
“Sorry. I have already lent it to Michale”.
92.BESIDES (prep.): ngoài … ra (= In addition to )-BESIDE (prep.): bên cạnh.
Examples:
I want to learn other language besides my own.
He is sitting beside me.
93.AT LAST: cuối cùng-AT LEAST: ít nhất
Examples:
I need at least three days to finish this project.
You are here at last.
94.AT THE END: đoạn cuối của, phần cuối của-IN THE END: cuối cùng
Examples:
There is a really frightening scene at the end of that film.
My boss agreed to increase my salary in the end, but I had to ask him several times.
95.IN TIME: kịp thời, kịp giờ -ON TIME: đúng giờ
Examples:
We were at the port in time for the first boat.
The boat did not leave on time because of engine trouble.
96.ASLEEP (adj.): đang ngủ-SLEEPY (adj.): buồn ngủ
Example:
Be quiet. The children are asleep.
I felt sleepy and went to bed early.
Ghi chú: – “asleep” không dùng trước danh từ, có thể dùng “sleeping” thay thế.
Example:
Entering the room, I saw a sleeping child.
97.HAVE GONE TO: đã đến nơi, đã đi tới rồi-HAVE BEEN TO: đã từng đến đó
Examples:
My parents have gone to New York on holiday. (= They are there now)
My parents have been to New York. (= They have visited it in the past, and have returned home).
98.A LITTLE: một chút ít, một ít (với danh từ không đếm được)-LITTLE: ít, không nhiều (với danh từ không đếm được)-A FEW: một vài (với danh từ đếm được số nhiều) ; FEW : ít, không nhiều (với danh từ đếm được sốnhiều)
Examples:
Add a little butter to the potatoes.
There are a few good restaurants near here.
There are few good restaurants near here.
He eats little meat everyday.
99.ALL THE + danh từ đếm được và danh từ đếm được số nhiều : tất cả-A/THE WHOLE + danh từ đếm được số ít: toàn bộ, nguyên cả-ALL sau đại từ nhân xưng hoặc đại từ tân ngữ.
Examples:
He has eaten all the bread.
Have you finished all the olives?
I have used a whole tank of petrol to the hospital this week.
Have you eaten the whole cake?
100.FOR: trong (bao lâu)-DURING: trong thời gian của
Ghi chú: – “For” dùng với đơn vị đo thời gian
“During” dùng với từ ngầm chỉ một khoảng thời gian như “night: đêm”, “meeting: cuộc họp”, “lesson: giờ học”, “July: tháng 7”, “childhood: thời thơ ấu”.
Examples:
I will try to sleep during the flight.
We went away for two weeks during June.
101.THE SAME AS: giống nhau, như nhau-SIMILAR TO: tương tự, gần giống.
Examples:
Mikal’s motorbike is the same as mine. We both have Honda 250s.
Indian elephants are similar to African elephants, but they are a bit smaller.
102.TO BE MADE OF: được làm bằng (nguyên liệu, chất liệu )-TO BE MADE FROM: được làm từ (nguyên liệu, chất liệu )
Ghi chú:- Dùng “be made of” khi nguyên liệu làm ra vẫn thấy trên sản phẩm hoặc không bị biến đổi
Examples:
This dress was made of Thai silk
Ghi chú:– Dùng “be made from” khi nguyên vật liệu gốc đã biến đổi (qua chế biến)
Examples:
Ice cream is made from strawberries
103.EXTANT (adj.): vẫn còn tồn tại -EXTENT (n.): phạm vi, khu vực
Examoles:
We still found the earliest extant manuscrift of this poem.
I was amazed at the extent of his knowledge.
105.ALLUDE (v.): ám chỉ, nói bóng gió-ALLURE (v.): cám dỗ, quyến rũ
Examples:
Lilin alluded TO problems WITH her , but she did not say anything directly.
Many settlers were allured by promises of easy wealth.
106.DISBURSE (v.); chi trả ; DISPERSE (v.); lan tỏa Ví dụ:
Cheques were disbursed for travel expenses.
The odour quickly dispersed THROUGH the room , and soon was no longer even noticeable.
107.WAIVE /weiv/ (v.): từ bỏ, thôi-WAVE /weiv/ (v.): vẫy, phất, làm lượn sóng
Examples:
He waved to me when he saw me.
We will waive the late fee because of your extennuating circumstances.
108.PRECEDE /pri’si:d/: đến trước (thời gian), đứng trước (thứ tự, thứ bậc)-PROCEED /prə’si:d/ (v.): đi tới, tiến tới-PROCEEDS of /from smth(n.): lợi nhuận, tiền thu được
Ví dụ:
Please proceed with caution through the construction zone.
I think Chapter 12 should precede Chapter 11, because Chapter 12 lays the foundation for what is dicussed in Chapter 11.
They gave a concert and donated the proceeds to charity.
109.PERSECUTE sbd for smth /’pə:sikju:t/ (v.): ngược đãi, hành hạ ; PROSECUTE sbd for smth/v-ing (v.)/’prosikju:t/: khởi tố, đưa ra tòa, truy tố
Examples:
Jillian met with a lawyer to see if her landlord could be prosecuted FOR his negligence regarding her apartment building.
Stop persecuting me just because I often disagree with you.
110.ASCENT /ə’sent/ (n.); sự đi lên, hành động đi lên-ASSENT to smth (n.): sự đồng ý, sự tán thành
Examples:
It was a grueling six-hour ascent from our camp to the top of the mountain
Jing – Mae gave her assent to the proposal, even though she did not entirely agree with the plan.
111.ABOUND in/with smth (v.): có nhiều, tồn tại nhiều -TEEM with smth (v.): có nhiều, hiện diện nhiều (thường dùng thời tiếp diễn)
Examples:
Oranges abound here all the year.
Fish teem in these rivers.
112.CENSOR /’sensə:/(v.): kiểm duyệt, lược bỏ những chỗ không phù hợp-CENSURE /’senʃə:/ to sbd for smth (v.): chỉ trích, phê bình nghiêm khắc-SENSOR /’sensə:/ (n.): thiết bị cảm biến
Examples:
Smoke sensors warn us of the fire.
Here is a list of the book the school librarian would like to censor because she feels they are inappropriate for children.
You are going to be censured if you make such wild accusations about your colleagues.
113.ACCESS to smth: (n.): đường vào, lối vào, sự tiếp cận-EXCESS (n): sự dư thừa
Examples:
The only access to the farmhouse is across the field.
Students should get access to classified information.
114.AFFECT (v.): ảnh hưởng, tác động đến-EFFECT on sbd/smth (n.); tác động, tác dụng-EFFECT (v.); thực hiện, tiến hành
Examples:
The tax increase has affected us all.
Did the medicine have any effect?
Have they affected a change/ a method?
115.BREATH (n.): hơi thở-BREADTH (n.): bề ngang, bề rộng, khổ vải
Examples:
You can see people’s breath on a cold day.
There is a garden ten meters in breadth near my house.
116.ACCEPT (v.): nhận, chấp nhận-EXCEPT (prep.): trừ ra
Examples:
He has accepted a gift from me.
She offered him a lift and he accepted .
The restaurant is open everyday except Monday.
117.CAPITAL (n.): thủ đô, thủ phủ; tiền vốn, tư bản-CAPITAL (adj.): tử hình (án), nghiêm trọng, quan trọng nhất
Examples:
capital punishment/ capital offence; án/tội tử hình
a capital error: lỗi nghiêm trọng
He has set up a business with a starting capital of 10 million US dollars.
118.DISINTERESTED (adj.): vô tư, không thiên vị, không vụ lợi-UNINTERESTED (adj.): không quan tâm đến
Examples:
Jackson may act as if he is totally uninterested IN you, but believe me, he is very anxious to learn more about you.
We need a disinterested third party to mediate this conflict.
119.ENVELOP /in’veləp/ (v.): bao phủ, bao quanh-ENVELOPE/’envəloup/ (n.): phong bì thư
Examples:
The baby was enveloped in a blanket.
The mountains in my home village are enveloped in cloud.
He received an envelope which contained one thousand dollars.
120.IMMIGRATE to/into: nhập cư, đến định cư ở một nước khác-EMIGRATE from … to … : di cư đến
Examples:
He was prohibited to immigrate into the EU.
Their parents emigrated from Britain to Australia to find work.
121.IMPLY (v.): ngụ ý, ám chỉ ; INFER (v.): luận ra, suy ra
Examples:
I do not wish to imply you are wrong.
It is possible to infer FROM the evidence that you are guilty.
122.LOOSE (adj.): lỏng, chùng, lung lay-LOSE (v.): đánh mất, lạc (đường)
Examples
He has a loose tooth.
He lost both his sons in the war.
123.OVERDO (v.): làm quá mức, dùng quá nhiều, nấu quá nhừ -OVERDUE (adj.): quá hạn, quá thời gian quy định
Examples:
The fish was overdone and very dry.
These bills are overdue.
124.PRINCIPAL (adj.); chính , chủ yếu-PRINCIPAL (n.): người đứng đầu, hiệu trưởng-PRINCIPLE (n.) nguyên tắc, chuẩn mực
Examples:
His parents have met the principal of St James’ College
I have read a textbook which teaches the basic principles of geometry.
The principal aim of the policy is to bring peace to the area.
125.DEPRECATE (v.): phản đối, phản ứng với-DEPRECIATE (v.): giảm giá, mất giá
Examples:
The Euro has depreciated, but the dollar is up.
A good manager is always careful not to deprecate an employee in front of others.
126.FAIN (adv.); vui mừng ; FEIGN (v.): giả vờ (cái gì)
Examples:
The boy would fain sleep rather than attend evening piano recital given by his sister.
Georgio had to feign excitement when he opened his presents so his parents wouldn’t know.
127.FAUX /fou/ (adj.): không thật, giả, giả mạo-FOE (n.): kẻ thù
Examples:
Anita’s faux mink coat looked so real that a group of teenagers accused her of cruelty to animals.
In the final scene, the hero defeats his life-long foe in a deadly battle.
128.HOARD (v.): đầu cơ, tích trữ-HORDE (v.): đám đông
Examples:
A horde of angry parents attend the school boarding meeting and demanded that the superintendent step down.
When we cleaned out the attic, we discovered that Grandma had a hoard of extra cash hidden in an old trunk.
129.INCREDIBLE (adj.): không thể tin được, khó tin-INCREDULOUS (adj.): hoài nghi, không tin
Examples:
He expressed an incredulous look at her.
Although Oscar’s story sounds incredible, I think he is telling the truth.
130.PEAK (v.): đạt tới điểm cao nhất đạt đỉnh-PEEK at smth (v.): lén nhìn, nhìn trộm
Examples:
Toy sales peaked just before Christmas.
I am just going to peek in the baby’s room to make sure she is okay.
131.PRESCRIBE (v.): kê đơn thuốc, ra lệnh, quy định rằng-PROSCRIBE (v.): nghiêm cấm, đặt ra ngoài vòng pháp luật
Examples:
The law prescribes heavy penalties for this offence.
When the children began neglecting their homework and chores, Rajita decided to proscribe television viewing except at weekends.
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