Writing luôn là phần thi đòi hỏi nhiều kỹ năng trong thi IELTS, và trong phần làm bài Writing các bạn thí sinh hay mắc phải một số lỗi sai. Vì thế, hôm nay cô sẽ chỉ ra những lỗi sai của các bạn trong phần writing đó chính là run-on sentence. Điều này ảnh hưởng điểm của các bạn khá nhiều vì nó liên quan đến lỗi ngữ pháp và cấu trúc câu của bài viết. Có những bạn còn không biết là mình đang mắc phải lỗi run-on sentence. Hôm nay cô cung cấp cho các bạn những 5 cách sửa cho lỗi này, kèm những ví dụ cực kì dễ hiểu và dễ áp dụng.
Cô chúc các bạn học tốt nhé và thành công nhé !
Run-on sentence (or comma splices/ fused sentence): câu bao gồm 2 mệnh đề độc lập trở lên nhưng không được liên kết đúng cách.
Example:
❌ Incorrect: This next page has several difficult information in it, you should start studying right away.
❌ Incorrect: Mr. Tai has sent his five children to colleges, however, he has sacrificed his health working day
❌ Incorrect: This computer doesn’t make sense to me, it came without a manual.
Tách ra thành 2 câu riêng biệt:
Cách đơn giản để sữa lỗi run-on sentence. Tách 2 mệnh đề ra thành những câu riêng biệt.
❌ Incorrect: This next page has several difficult information in it, you should start studying right away.
Correct: This next page has several difficult information in it. You should start studying right away.
❌ Incorrect: Jun leads a charmed life, she never seems to have serious accidents.
Correct: Jun leads a charmed life. She never seems to have serious accidents
Sử dụng Coordinating conjunction để liên kết câu: (FANBOYS)
Lưu ý: khi thêm coordinating conjunction vào giữa câu thì phải thêm dấu phẩy ở phía trước.
For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So
❌ Incorrect: This next page several difficult information in it, you should start studying right away.
Correct: This next page has several difficult information in it, so you should start studying right away.
❌ Incorrect: Members could leave the study at any time, they needed to indicate their preference.
Correct: Members could leave the study at any time, and they needed to indicate their preference.
Correct: Members could leave the study at any time, but they needed to indicate their preference.
❌ Incorrect: Any future is built on the past, the School of Economic Studies is threatened with closure.
Correct: Any future is built on the past, yet the School of Economic Studies is threatened with closure.
Sử dụng Subordinate conjunction
Cách này được sử dụng khi nghĩa 2 mệnh đề có thể liên kết lại thành 1 câu. Được sử dụng nhiều trong writing để tăng điểm cohesion và sentence structure.
| Nguyên nhân, kết quả |
Granting Concessions |
Câu điều kiện | Chỉ nơi chốn | Quan hệ thời gian |
So sánh | Quan hệ đối lập |
Relative -pronouns |
| as because in order that since |
although as as though even though just as though |
even if if in case provided that unless |
where wherever |
after as as soon as as long as before once still |
as as though |
though whereas while although |
that which which ever who whoever whom whose whosever whomever |
Lưu ý cách sử dụng: (Dependent clause: mệnh đề bắt đầu bằng Subordinate conjunction.)
Dependent Clause After Independent Clause (không có dấu phẩy)
❌ Incorrect: Min did poorly on her Math exam, her best friend Jan insisted on gossiping during their study session the day before.
Correct: Min did poorly on her Math exam because her best friend Jan insisted on gossiping during their study session the day before.
❌ Incorrect: Bella shook her head and sighed, she puzzled over the algebra problem.
Correct: Bella shook her head and sighed as she puzzled over the algebra problem.
❌ Incorrect: The bank robber dodged the bullet, Joe was shot sixteen times in the tibia.
Correct: The bank robber dodged the bullet while Joe was shot sixteen times in the tibia.
❌ Incorrect: John spent his class time reading history books, his average was a 65 one week before final exams.
Correct: John spent his class time reading history books even though his average was a 65 one week before final exams.
Dependent Clause Before Independent Clause (có dấu phẩy)
❌ Incorrect: The doorbell rang, Ny slammed shut her notebook and rose to pay for her meal.
Correct: After the doorbell rang, Ny slammed shut her notebook and rose to pay for her meal.
❌ Incorrect: Sam blew out the birthday candles atop the cake, she burned the tip of her nose on a stubborn flame.
Correct: As Sam blew out the birthday candles atop the cake, he burned the tip of her nose on a stubborn flame.
❌ Incorrect: He turned down the employment, the company did pay his travel costs.
Correct: Although he turned down the employment, the company did pay his travel costs.
Dependent Clause Within Independent Clause (dấu phẩy trước và sau dependent clause)
❌ Incorrect: Peter was wearing a blue shirt, he wished that he had instead chosen chili sauce for his hotdog.
Correct: Peter, who was wearing a blue shirt, wished that he had instead chosen chili sauce for his hotdog.
❌ Incorrect: I met the author at the book signing, he was very cordial.
Correct: The author, whom I met at the book signing, was very cordial.
Sử dụng dấu “;”
❌ Incorrect: I am in love with write papers, I would write one every day if I had the time
Correct: I am in love with write papers; I would write one every day if I had the time.
❌ Incorrect: Increased air pollution in the environment threatens the health of millions, this is an indisputable fact
Correct: Increased air pollution in the environment threatens the health of millions; this is an indisputable fact.
Sử dụng dấu “;” và conjunctive adverb
❌ Incorrect: The dark skies and distant thunder dissuaded Clarice from her evening run, she had thirty calculus problems to solve for her morning class.
Correct: The dark skies and distant thunder dissuaded Clarice from her evining run; moreover, she had thirty calculus problems to solve for her morning class.
❌ Incorrect: Leo’s apartment complex does not allow cats over thirty pounds, he would have bought the gangly Dane puppy playing in the pet store window.
Correct: Leo’s apartment complex does not allow cats over thirty pounds; otherwise, he would have bought the gangly Dane puppy playing in the pet store window.
❌ Incorrect: The metropolis was unprepared for the big snowstorm, all major highways were closed.
Correct: The metropolis was unprepared for the big snowstorm; consequently, all major highways were closed.
Chúc các bạn học tốt!
Trần Tố Linh.
